中老年人群肺通气功能及其影响因素研究

Analysis on pulmonary ventilation function and its influencing factors in the elderly population

目的探讨社会人口学和血生化指标对青岛地区50~74岁中老年人群的第1秒肺通气量（forced expiratory volumne in 1 second,FEV1）和最大肺通气量（the largest force vital capacity,FVC）的影响。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,2009年在青岛市区及农村抽取50~74岁居民2 476人,用自制量表进行调查,同时检测其FEV1、FVC和血生化指标。采用多元线性回归分析了年龄、性别、收入、教育、体质指数、糖化血红蛋白（glycosylated hemoglobin,Hb A1c）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）比值（TC/HDL-C）和尿酸（uric acid,UA）对肺通气功能的影响。结果男性的FEV1和FVC均高于女性。随着年龄增加,FEV1和FVC均出现下降,且在65~69段下降出现了加速。随着受教育（β=0.433,P=0.042）和BMI水平（β=0.776,P〈0.001）升高,FEV1也呈逐渐升高趋势。随着Hb A1c的升高,FEV1（β=-0.254,P〈0.001）和FVC（β=-0.298,P=0.046）均呈下降趋势,但随着TC/HDL-C的升高,FEV1和FVC又呈升高趋势。UA与FEV1和FVC之间均无显著性相关。结论 FEV1和FVC的下降是多因素作用的结果,其中年龄和Hb A1c是其危险因素,而收入、教育、BMI和血脂是其保护因素。

Objective To investigate the effect of socio-demographic and blood biochemical indicators on forced expiratory volumne in1second（ FEV1） and the largest force vital capacity（ FVC） of 50-74 year-old residents in Qingdao.Methods 2 476 Qingdao rural and urban residents who aged 50-74 years were sampled through stratified cluster sampling method in 2009.Homemade scale was adopted to interview the elderly,meanwhile,FEV1,FVC and blood biochemical indicators were measured.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the effect of age,gender,income,education,body mass index,glycosylated hemoglobin（ Hb A1C）,blood lipids（ TC / HDL-C） and uric acid（ UA） on pulmonary ventilation function.Results Males were better than females in FEV1 and FVC.With increasing age,FEV1 and FVC were both declined,and the descend was larger in 65-69 group.With increasing education（ β = 0.433,P = 0.042） and BMI（ β = 0.776,P 〈0.001）,FEV1 showed a rising trend.With increasing Hb A1 c,FEV1（ β =- 0.254,P 〈0.001） and FVC（ β =- 0.298,P = 0.046） were decreased,while with increasing TC / HDL-C,FEV1 and FVC showed a rising trend.There were no significant correlation between UA with FEV1 and FVC.Conclusions The decrease of FEV1 and FVC are the result of interactions of multiple factors,age and Hb A1 c are risk factors,while income,education,BMI and blood lipids are protective factors.