地域及气候对雷电参数的影响分析

Effects of Geographical and Climatic Conditions on Lightning Parameters

雷电参数的分布情况与地域、大气条件等诸多因素相关,因此,全面深入地分析相关因素对雷电参数分布的影响十分必要。文中以广东省雷电定位系统数据为基础,基于Google Earth软件截取典型样本区域进行研究。将样本区域经过处理导入Arc Map中进行雷电参数的筛选分析,利用Arc Map的投影功能,按UTM标准进行投影,得出该区域的面积,由此求出落雷密度。通过对不同的地形、地域的雷电参数统计分析,得出山地落雷密度比平原大;城市落雷密度较比乡村地区大;通过对不同月份的雷电参数统计分析,发现雷电参数的季节分布明显,67.3%的落雷集中在夏季;通过对近5年的参数进行分析得出:少雷季节正极性雷所占比例较多雷季节大,正极性雷分布呈U型分布的特点。

Distributions of lightning parameters relate with geographical and atmospheric conditions. To analyze the effects of the relevant geographical and atmospheric factors on the distributions of the lightning parameters, this paper uses the data from the Guangdong Province lightning location system to sample representative regions by means of the software Google Earth. Each sampled region is treated and then input to Arc Map for screening analysis of lightning parameters. The projection function of Arc Map is adopted according to the standard UTM to obtain the area of the region, thereby to obtain lightning density. The lightning parameters of different terrains and geographies are analyzed statistically, and the results show that the lightning density is larger in mountainous terrain than in plain, and the lightning density in city is larger than that in rural area. The monthly statistics of the lightning parameters show a clear seasonal distribution, in which 67.3% of lightning falls in the summer. The statistics for the past five years indicate that the proportion of positive polarity lightning is larger in less lightning season than in more lightning season, and the distribution of positive polarity lightning features U-shape.