马克思意识形态批判的三重向度与文化微观视域的历史性介入——从马尔库什的角度谈起

Three Dimensions of Critique of Marxist Ideology and Historical Intervention of Cultural Micro Perspective——From the Perspective of Markus

挖掘并梳理散见于马克思诸经典论断中的意识形态理论,是马尔库什后期一项重要的学术任务。借此,他大致归纳出马克思意识形态批判范式的三重特质:其一,通过抨击先前各种思想幻象所彰显出的论战-揭露性;其二,凭借分析这些幻象由以产生的社会根源而突显出的解释-功能性;其三,立足更为广泛的文化视角进而生发出的批判-哲学性。由此可见,针对马克思的意识形态批判体系,马尔库什旨在建构一种"思想-日常生活-文化"三位一体的解读模式,从而真正实现马克思意识形态批判范式从宏观维度向微观视域的历史性转向。值得一提的是,该转向在完善马克思意识形态理论的同时,又成为日后马尔库什进行现代文化批判的实践生长点。

Markus takes it as his later day academic task to find out and sort out ideological theoryscattered in Marxist classic statements. He classifies three characteristics of the critical pattern ofMarxist ideology： firstly, debating-disclosing character through previous criticism of different phantomof ideas; secondly, explaining-functional character according to the analysis of the social root of thephantom; thirdly, critical-philosophical character rooted in a more general cultural perspective. There-fore, according to Marxist ideological critical system, Markus aims to construct a kind of trinity inter-pretational pattern of＂idea-everyday life-culture＂so as to realize a historical turn of Marxist ideolog-ical critique from macro dimension to micro one. This turn perfects Marxist ideological theory and be-comes a practical growing point for Markus in his modern cultural critique.