论龚自珍诗歌的复与变

Return and Change of Poems by GONG Zi-zhen

文学创作的成熟,表现在作家对复变关系的自觉把握上,作家在文学史的位置也往往决定于此。龚自珍在诗史上一直没有得到很好的定位,这与对其诗歌的复变关系尚未作出很好的研究有关系。龚氏的整个学术文章,都体现出逆今复古的特点,龚诗是对清代盛平诗风的一种逆反。其个人在诗学方面的主观祈向,是超越明清甚至部分地超越唐宋,向汉魏六朝乃至诗骚的艺术精神回复。在这种艺术观念的主导下,龚氏在诗体、诗格、诗法方面,都作出了创新,或者说以复古为创新。

Maturity of literary creation embodies in the conscientious grasp of the relation of returnand change and it also determines the literary position of the author in history. GONG Zi-zhen isnot placed properly in poetic history due to the lack of study on his regard of relation of return andchange. His entire academic articles show his opposition to contemporary trend and his support of an-cient tradition and his poem is opposed to Shengping style of Qing Dynasty. His subjective orienta-tion in poetics transcends that of Ming and Qing Dynasty and even partly that of Tang and Song Dy-nasty and becomes a return to Han and Wei and the Six Dynasties till that in The Book of Songs and Li Sao. Under this artistic guidance, GONG innovates in style, meter and methods of his poemsand in other word, turns the ancient to innovative.