农村向城市人口迁移对中老年职业人群血压影响的性别差异

Gender difference of the rural-to-urban migrants in blood pressure changes in a middle-aged and elderly occupational population

目的探讨人口迁移与中老年职业人群血压的关系。方法 2013年6月1日至2013年11月30日,以在合肥市某三级医院进行健康体检的〉45岁在岗和离退休职工1665人为研究对象,采用自编问卷调查人口统计学、行为生活方式、人口迁移信息,并测量身高、体质量、血压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油、总胆固醇和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇等。结果迁移组（n=670）在城市生活年数〉10年者占97.8%。中老年男性职业人群中,迁移组高血压检出率与原著组比较差异无统计学意义（41.3%比41.1%,P〉0.05）;女性中,迁移组高血压检出率明显高于原著组（38.7%比26.3%,P〈0.01）。采用二元非条件Logistic回归分析控制潜在的混杂因素后,与原著组比较,中老年女性迁移组职业人群发生高血压的OR值（95%CI）为1.676（1.043~2.695）。结论农村向城市人口迁移可能增加中老年女性职业人群患高血压的风险。

Objective To explore the relationship between rural-to-urban migration and prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly occupational population. Methods A total of 1665 subjects over 45-years old,on-thejob or retired,were enrolled from the physical examination center of a tertiary hospital between June 1,2013 and November 30,2013. The information of demographic characteristics,behavior,lifestyles,and migration were collected by a self-designed questionnaire. Height,body weight,and blood pressure were recorded,and serum biochemical indexes,including fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,total cholesterol,and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. Results In this study,97.8% migrant subjects had lived in urban areas for more than ten years. In males,the prevalence of hypertension did not differ significantly between the migrant group and the urban group（41.3% vs 41.1%,P〉0.05）. On the contrary,in females,the prevalence of hypertension in the migrant group was significantly higher than that in the urban group（38.7% vs 26.3%,P〈0.01）. After adjusted for potential confounders,binary unconditioned logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio（95% CI）for the risk of hypertension was 1.676（1.043-2.695）in female migrant group compared to female urban group.Conclusion The rural-to-urban migration may be a potential risk factor for hypertension in middle-aged and elderly occupational women.