发酵小麦制酒精残渣中寡肽的抗氧化及免疫活性

Antioxidant Activity and Immunoregulatory Activity of Oligopeptides from Wheat Residue Left after Solid-State Fermentation for Alcohol Production

研究从发酵小麦制酒精残渣中提取分离出的寡肽抗氧化和免疫活性。将112只4周龄雌性健康昆明小鼠随机分成14组,基础对照组和实验1~6组饲喂正常基础料的同时分别灌胃生理盐水、低、中、高3个剂量的寡肽（五肽和七肽）,高脂对照组和实验7~12组饲喂高脂料的同时分别灌胃生理盐水、低、中、高3个剂量的寡肽（五肽和七肽）,连续灌胃28 d后,测定基础对照组和实验1~6组血清中丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量,肝匀浆中MDA含量、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）活性,脾脏中淋巴T细胞CD3＋、CD4＋和CD8＋数量,测定基础对照组、高脂对照组和实验7~12组十二指肠、空肠和回肠中MDA含量、SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性。结果显示,与高脂对照组相比,灌胃寡肽后,血清、肝脏和肠道中MDA含量显著下降（P〈0.05）,SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性显著升高（P〈0.05）,CD4＋/CD8＋显著升高（P〈0.05）。结果表明寡肽均具有体内抗氧化能力和免疫活性,而且能够清除高脂饮食带来的氧化损伤。

The antioxidant activity and immunoregulatory activity of oligopeptides from wheat residue left after solid-state fermentation for alcohol production were studied in vivo. Totally 112 healthy Kunming mice（4 weeks old） were randomly divided into 14 groups. The mice in the normal control group and experimental groups 1–6 were fed a normal diet and gavaged with normal saline and oligopeptides（penta and hepta peptides each at different doses（4, 8, and 12 mg））, respectively, while those in the high-fat control group and experimental groups 7–12 were fed a high-fat diet and orally administrated with normal saline and the oligopeptides（each at different doses（2, 4, and 8 mg））, respectively. After continuous intragastric administration for 28 days, the levels of malondialdehyde（MDA） in serum and liver, and the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT） and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） in liver were determined in the mice in the normal control group and experimental groups 1–6, and the populations of T-lymphocytes such as CD3＋, CD4＋ and CD8＋ in spleen were determined by flow cytometry. Also, the tissue homogenates of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of the mice in the normal control group, high-fat control group and experimental groups 7–12 were determined for the levels of MDA and the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. The results showed that MDA contents in liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum of the highfat diet-fed mice declined significantly（P 〈 0.05） in response to administration of the oligopeptides, and SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities increased significantly（P 〈 0.05）. CD4＋/CD8＋ ratio also significantly increased（P 〈 0.05）. These experimental findings suggest that the oligopeptides from fermented wheat residue have antioxidant capacity and can enhance immune function, as well as can inhibit oxidative damage caused by high-fat diets in the intestine of mice.