水利风景区生态服务价值对土地利用变化的响应——以海南省南丽湖风景名胜区为例

Response of Ecological Service Value to Land Use Change in Water Conservancy Scenic Area——A Case Study of Nanli Lake Scenic Area of Hainan Province

以水利风景区——海南省南丽湖风景名胜区为研究对象,从规划预测评价的视角,借鉴Costanza和谢高地等人的研究成果,根据研究区实际情况合理选取生态服务价值系数并运用3S技术,探讨了水利风景区生态服务价值对土地利用变化的响应,进而评价景区土地利用规划的生态环境影响。结果表明:规划实施前后景区各用地类型相互转化,主要是林地、耕地转变为草地、园地和建设用地,总体土地利用处于发展阶段。规划的土地利用对生态服务价值造成一定负面影响,景区整体生态服务价值由13 204.76万元降低至12 949.59万元,同比降低1.93%;水域是景区生态服务价值的主要贡献者,提供了景区90%以上的生态服务价值;景区水域生态服务价值变化较小,规划基本尊重水域重点保护的原则,但陆域生态系统受开发建设活动影响显著,呈现生态服务价值整体下降(幅度达12.29%),服务价值属性人工化的趋势。景区陆域土地利用结构规划有待优化,需注重天然林地等具有较高原始生态服务价值用地的保护。

Land use has significant effects on ecological service value which is determined by the products and services provided by ecosystem. Based on the GIS and site investigation, using the Costanza^s method and the Chinese land ecosystem service unit area value proposed by Xiegaodi, we analyzed the variation features of land use change and ecological service values in Nanli lake scenic area. Results show that the land use in Nanli lank scenic area has the negative impact on the ecological service value, it will decrease by 1.93%. And the impact is particularly significant on land, the ecological service value of land will decrease by 12.29% The territorial water is the major contributor to the ecological service value, it provides more than 90% of the ecological service value. And service value properties tend towards artificial trend, suggesting that the scenic land ecosystems are affected by development and construction activities significantly. Protection structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems will become the important focus of the development and construction of scenic spots.