不同基因型黄瓜性别与乙烯释放速率的关系

Relationship between Cucumber Sex of Different Genotypes and Ethylene Release Rate

采用气相色谱法测定全雄株(ffMMaa)、雌雄同株(ffMMAA)、全雌株(FFMMaa、FFMMAA)和两性花株(FFmmAA)不同基因型近等基因系材料间的乙烯释放速率,探讨乙烯与黄瓜性型的关系。结果表明,不同近等基因系乙烯释放速率之间存在显著性差异。全雄株78♂(ffMMaa)的乙烯释放速率较低;雌雄同株406(ffMMAA)四叶一心期的乙烯释放速率大于两叶一心期;含6.33个F基因拷贝数的雌性系10098♀(FFMMaa)与F基因拷贝数为2.15的雌性系WI1983G(FFMMAA)相比,乙烯释放速率较低;雌性系WI1983G(FFMMAA)的乙烯释放速率极显著高于两性花株WI1983H(FFmmAA),两性花株WI1983H又极显著高于雌雄同株WI1983GM(ffMMAA);说明黄瓜性别表型与内源乙烯密切相关。从试验结果推断:雄株(ffMMaa)中乙烯释放速率低可能与A基因失活相关,雌性系(FFMMaa)乙烯释放速率可能受A/a基因的调控,两性花株(FFmmAA)中虽然M基因失活但内源乙烯释放速率并未降低很多,可能F基因产生的内源乙烯没有直接作用到两性花的雄蕊上。

This paper measured the ethylene release rates in different cucumber genotypes including ffMMaa, ffMMAA, FFMMaa, FFMMAA, and FFmmAA by gas chromatography, to study the relationship between ethylene and cucumber sex genotypes. The results showed that there were significant differences between the ethylene release rates in the near-isogenic lines. The ethylene release rate of a in androecious 78 $ was the lower. That offfMMAA in monoecious 406 at the 4-leave stage was higher than at the 2-leave stage. The ethylene release rate of gynoecious 10098 Q with FFMMaa genotype, which had 6.33 F gene copies was lower than that of the gynoecious WI1983G with FFMMAA genotype, which had 2.15 F gene copies. The ethylene release rate of gynoecious WI1983G （ FFMMAA ） was extremely significantly higher than nearly isogenic line hermaphrodite WI1983H （ FFmmAA ）, while that of WI1983H was extremely significantly higher than that of monoecious WI1983GM （ffMMAA） . These facts indicated that cucumber sex genotype was closely associated with endogenous ethylene. The low ethylene release rate in androecious （ffMMaa） might he associated with A gene inactivation. The ethylene release rate of gynoecious （ FFMMaa ） could be regulated by A/a gene. Although Mgene in hermaphrodite （ FFmmAA ） was inactive, endogenous ethylene release rate did not reduce much, the endogenous ethylene synthesized by F gene might have not directly affected the stamens inhibition in bisexual flower.