莠去津土壤残留对4种蔬菜生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

Effects of Atrazine Residues on Growth and ChlorophyⅡ Fluorescence Parameters of Four Vegetable Species

为了明确莠去津土壤残留对后茬蔬菜的影响,在室内采用毒土添加法研究了莠去津不同土壤残留量对黄瓜、豇豆、辣椒和菜薹光合作用和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:莠去津土壤残留量为0.21、1.84、0.24、0.11 mg·kg^(-1)时,导致黄瓜、豇豆、辣椒和菜薹叶片PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)下降10%;4种蔬菜分别在接近此有效成分剂量时(黄瓜0.2mg·kg^(-1)、豇豆2 mg·kg^(-1)、辣椒0.2 mg·kg^(-1)、菜薹0.1 mg·kg^(-1)),电子传递速率(ETRⅡ)显著下降,且单株鲜质量抑制率达到50%;4种蔬菜对莠去津土壤残留的敏感性顺序为:菜薹>黄瓜>辣椒>豇豆;Fv/Fm可作为早期预知轮作蔬菜是否受到莠去津残留潜在药害的指标,Fv/Fm的ID_(10)为轮作蔬菜是否受药害的临界值。

In order to understand the effect of atrazine residue in soil on the successive vegetable, this experiment add atrazine solution in soil to assay its affection on photosynthesis and growth of cucumber, cowpea, pepper and choy sum. Results showed that when the atrazine concentrations in soil reached 0.21, 1.84, 0.24, 0.11 mg . kg-1, respectively for to cucumber, cowpea, pepper, and choy sum, the largest Fv/Fm would reduce 10%. When these 4 vegetables were under the dosages of 0.2, 2, 0.2, 0.1 mg0 kg-1, respectively, ETRⅡ of these 4 vegetables were significantly declined and finally resulted in inhibition of fresh weight growth by 50%. The sensitivity of these 4 vegetables to atrazine residue in soil was in the order of choy sum 〉 cucumber 〉 pepper 〉 cowpea. The results of this study indicated that Fv/Fm could be a useful parameter for assessing the risk of injury caused by atrazine residues at early stage of plant growth, and ID10of Fv/Fm was a critical value telling weather the rotated vegetable crops were affected by atrazine residue.