宁夏回族自治区同心县和陶乐镇干旱土地的管理研究

Approaching Dryland Management in Ningxia's Taole and Tongxin from Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Ecology Theory Perspective

目前,生态的平衡已经被视为干旱草原退化监理的关键性要素,特别是近年来的研究已超越了"平衡"或"非平衡"两个概念对峙,提出了一种"过渡性连接"的概念,其界线为气候因素所决定.本文探讨了宁夏回族自治区陶乐和同心地区的气候条件,发现两者非常接近平衡和非平衡的生态系统类型之间的阈值,且当地的气候变化趋势趋于降水减少和温度升高.本文的结论是,由于降水量变异的原因,目前的专注于减少放牧压力的草原政策也许很难实现在陶乐增加持久植被覆盖这一目标,且陶乐和同心的气候变化也将会干扰这两地增加植被覆盖率的努力.

Ecological equilibrium has come to be recognized as the key factor in arid grassland deg- radation monitoring. Recent research proposes that a spectrum between equilibrium and non-equilib- rium exists with a climate-driven threshold between the two ecosystem types. This paper examines climate conditions in Taole and Tongxin in Ningxia and finds that both are very close to the threshold between equilibrium and non-equilibrium ecosystem types. Local climate change trends towards re- duced precipitation and higher temperatures. As a result, the current grassland policy approach that focuses on reducing grazing pressure is unlikely to produce long-lasting increase in vegetation cover in Taole due to climate variability, and climate change will further complicate the attempts to in- crease vegetation cover in both locations.