“干”字的职用演变

Development and Evolution of Functions of the Chinese Character “Gan”

"干"字在汉语史上记录的词项数量较多,其涉及的字词、义值等关系复杂多变。运用李运富先生的字用学理论,从历时性的角度全面考察"干"字记录的19个词项,分析其本用、兼用、借用的使用职能;通过探讨其职能的扩展和减缩,发现"干"字在先秦时期共出现18个词项,并为后世沿用,只在宋代新增1个词项,表示"关联"义。"干"字的使用职能发展缓慢,具有很强的稳固性,在现代汉语中才出现了大幅减缩和转移的现象。

The Character ＂gan＂record number words in Chinese development history,the relationship between characters and words are very complicated and changeable. Apply Li yun- fu＇theory of the function of Chinese Character,analyze the 19 terms of ＂gan＂from the perspective of diachronic,try to show its original use and concurrent use and borrowing. the extended function and the shrink function of＂gan＂,finding 18 terms have formed in the pre- qin period,and have been using; only increase one term in song dynasty,which is ＂related＂. The function of ＂gan＂develops slowly,it has a strong stability,until modern Chinese appeared the shrink and transfer.