不同胎龄正常足月新生儿出生体格生长水平的比较研究

Study of body growth among normal newborn in different gestational age

目的制定不同胎龄正常足月新生儿体格生长均值,为足月新生儿生长评价提供参考数据。方法采用横断面时间段整群取样实况调查方法,2013-2015年在深圳两家医院完成了16 388例不同胎龄新生儿体重、身长、顶臀长（坐高）、头围、胸围现场测量,用以制定不同胎龄正常足月新生儿体格生长均值。结果制定了国内首个区分男女性别2015年深圳正常足月新生儿（男、女,全人群）出生体重、身长、顶臀长（坐高）、头围、胸围（孕37~41周）每个孕周均值和标准差,以及总平均均值和标准差。正常足月新生儿（孕37~41周）每个孕周上述5项生长均值存在显著男高女低性别差异,经t检验,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。2015年与2005年比较,深圳正常足月新生儿（孕37~41周）每个孕周上述5项生长均值存在时间段（2005-2015）增长趋势,t检验,P〈0.001~P〈0.05（占22个组）,差异有统计学意义。结论 2015年深圳不同胎龄正常足月新生儿体重、身长、顶臀长、头围、胸围5项均值孕周差异有显著性、男女性别差异有显著性,上述5项孕周均值时间段（2005-2015）增长趋势显著;使用正常足月新生儿（孕37~41周）孕周均值评价新生儿出生时生长状况有实用价值。

Objective To formulate growth mean of normal mature newborn in different gestational age,so as to provide reference data for full-term newborn growth evaluate. Methods By cross-sectional time cluster sampling fact-finding investigation method,16 388 newborns of Shenzhen two hospitals from 2013 to 2015 were carried out the measurements of birth weight,length,crown-rump length（ sitting height）,head and chest circumference. Results The domestic first gender-specific growth mean（ Mean and SD） of birth weight,length,crown-rump length（ sitting height）,head and chest circumference among normal term newborn（ male,female,and the whole infants）（ 37-41 gestational weeks） in every gestational week,and the total growth mean（ Mean and SD） were created on Shenzhen City（ 2015）. The above five means of male were higher than female in every gestational week between 37 and 41 gestational weeks,and the difference were all statistically significant（ P 0. 001）. Compared with 2005,the five growth means of normal term newborn of Shenzhen in every gestational week were obviously increased,and the difference were all statistically significant. Conclusion The growth means of birth weight,length,crown-rump length,head and chest circumference of normal term newborn in different gestational age on Shenzhen City（ 2015） were obviously difference in gestational age and gender,and the increase trend of time period（ 2005- 2015） was obvious. There was practical value by using the mean gestational age to assessment growth conditions of term newborn at birth.