加强产褥期访视的健康教育对提高母乳喂养率的影响分析

Effect on breastfeeding rate of strengthen postpartum visit health education

目的研究产后访视对产妇进行健康教育的效果,为提高产妇的母乳喂养率寻找有效的方法。方法将2013年1月-2014年1月社区访视的300例产妇纳入本次研究,按照随机数字法将患者分为观察组与对照组,观察组200例、对照组100例。对照组予以常规健康指导,观察组在对照组基础上采用健康教育。比较两组产妇的一般情况。结果观察组产妇纯母乳喂养者明显多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),而混合喂养、人工喂养者少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);观察组饮食结构、保健知识、产褥期生理知识的知晓率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);观察组新生儿出现黄疸、红臀、湿疹、脐部感染率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将初产妇作为健康教育以及随访的重点人群,在产后访视中对其进行健康指导,不仅提升了产妇自我护理的能力和新生儿的健康状况,还能有效提高初产妇的纯母乳喂养率,具有较高的推广价值。

Objective To study the effect of health education in the postpartum visit on women,and to find an effective way to improve breastfeeding. Methods During January 2013 to January 2014,300 unipara who were carried out postpartum visit were selected and divided into observation group（ n = 200） and control group（ n = 100） according to random number method. The control group received routine health guidance,and the observation group was treated with health education on the basis method of control group. The general situation of puerpera between the two groups was compared. Results The proportion of breastfeeding of observation group was higher than that of group,the difference is statistically significant（ P 0. 001）,while the proportion of mixed feeding and artificial feeding of observation group was lower than those of control group,the difference was statistically significant respectively（ P 0. 001）; Compared with control group,observation group had higher awareness rate of diet structure,health knowledge,puerperium knowledge,the difference was statistically significant respectively（ P 0. 001）; observation group had lower infection rates of neonatal jaundice,eczema,eczema and umbilical than those of control group,the difference was statistically significant respectively（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion Unipara are important people for health education and follow-up of,to give them health guidance in postpartum visit can not only improve their ability of self-care and newborn health,but also can effectively improve breastfeeding rate.