中国与加拿大跨境追赃法律制度研究

Research on the Legal System of Cross-border Asset Recovery Between China and Canada

加拿大作为我国腐败犯罪嫌疑人的最大逃匿和转赃国家之一,是我国加强境外追赃工作的重中之重。然而,我国的刑事没收制度、反洗钱法律制度、犯罪资产分享制度等尚不完善,同时加拿大作为赃款赃物的"净输入"国家,怠于承认或执行我国的没收令。因此,需加大反洗钱查处力度,构建我国统一的没收制度,通过刑事司法协助从加拿大追回犯罪资产;探索在加拿大法院直接提起民事诉讼程序,要求确认和维护有关资产的所有权;推进中加双边引渡条约的缔结,并建立犯罪资产返还与分享的长效机制。

Since Canada is the heaven of Chinese corrupt officials who absconded abroad with corruption proceeds,first priority shall be given to this country in terms of asset recovery. However,China＇s legal system is not completed with regard to criminal confiscation,anti-money laundering and criminal asset sharing mechanism; meanwhile,as the beneficiary of China＇s corruption crimes,Canada tends not to recognize or enforce our confiscation order. Therefore,more efforts should be paid to establish a unified confiscation system in China,deeply research on Canadian civil proceedings,and promote the bilateral extradition treaty between China and Canada.