黄芪甲苷对实验性糖尿病模型大鼠胰腺组织的保护作用

Protective effects of astragalosides on pancreatic tissue in diabetic rats

目的研究黄芪甲苷对实验性糖尿病大鼠胰腺组织的保护作用。方法通过高脂高糖饮食加腹腔注射STZ的方法诱导制备实验性糖尿病大鼠模型，将模型大鼠根据血糖水平随机分为模型组，盐酸二甲双胍组（阳性药组），黄芪甲苷低、中、高剂量组，每组16只，并另取16只同龄雄性Wistar大鼠设为正常对照组。造模后72h，黄芪甲苷低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃黄芪甲苷混悬液30、60、120mg／kg，阳性药组灌胃盐酸二甲双胍混悬液200mg／kg，正常对照组与模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水。1次／d，连续给药4周。分别于给药前和给药后1、2、3、4周测定各组大鼠FPG和空腹胰岛素（FINS）水平，计算各组大鼠胰岛素敏感指数（insulinsen sitivity index，ISI）和胰岛素抵抗指数（insulin resistance index，HOMA。IR），测定各组大鼠血清中总抗氧化能力（total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC）、活性氧簇（reactive oxygen species、ROS）水平；测定胰腺组织中SOD、过氧化氢酶（catalase，CAT）活性和MDA水平。结果给药后4周，与模型组比较，黄芪甲苷中、高剂量组大鼠胰岛素水平[（9．34±1．67）mIU／ml、（10．46±1．50）mIU／ml比（7．37±1．39）mIU／m1]、ISI水平[（6．82±O．96）、（6．52±0．79）比（7．35±0．84）]升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），HOMA．IR[（43．62±5．26）、（29．37±4．51）比（61．70±5．85）]降低∽〈0．05或P〈0．01）；且黄芪甲苷高剂量组大鼠FPG水平[（9．32±2．57）mmol／L比（17．15±2．54）mmol／L]降低（P〈0．01），血清T-AOC水平[（12．20±3．36）U／L比（9．34±2．59）U／L]升高（P〈O．01）；黄芪甲苷中、高剂量组大鼠血清ROS水平[（290．52±36．19）U／ml、（245．26±27．58）U／ml比（417．02±38．56）U／mL]降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；胰腺组织中MDA水平[（2．83±0．37）nmol／mg、（1．92±0．31）nmol／mg比（4．08±0．42）nmol／mg]降低P〈0．05或尸〈0．01），SOD[（11．52±2．31）U／Mg、（15．29±2．50）U／mg比（7．53±1．86）U／mg]、CAT[（392．28±38．05）U／g、（461．73±42．52）U／g比（280．46±29．61）U／g]活性升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论黄芪甲苷对实验性糖尿病大鼠胰腺组织具有保护作用。

Objective To investigate the protective effects of astragalosides on pancreatic tissue in diabetic rats. Methods The experimental diabetic rat models were made by feeding with high fat and sugar and injecting STZ, and according to blood glucose level, the rat models were randomly devided into five groups： a diabetic model control group, an astragalosides low （30 mg/kg）, a medium （60 mg/kg）, a high （120 mg/kg） dose treated groups and a metformin hydrochloride 200 mg/kg treated group （n=16）, and selected another 16 same-aged rats as a normal control group. 72 h after the models were made, the drugs were given by intragastric administration for 4 weeks, once a day. Before and after the drugs were given 7, 14, 21, 28 days, the level of plasma glucose （FPG） and insulin （FINS） were determined, and the ISI and HOMA-IR Were calculated, the level of T-AOC and the content of ROS in serum were detected, the activity of SOD, CAT and the content of MDA in pancreatic tissue were detected, the histopathological changes of pancreatic tissue and pancreatic ceils apoptosis were observed, and the apoptosis index were analyzed. Results Four weeks later, compared with the diabetic model control group, the FINS （9.34 ±1.67 mlU/ml, 10.46 ± 1.51 mlU/ml vs.7.37± 1.39 mIU/ml） and the level of ISI （6.82 ~ 0.96, 6.52 ~ 0.79 vs. 7.35 ±0.84） in astragalosides medium and high dose treated groups were significantly increased （/＇〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, the level of HOMA-IR （43.62 ± 5.26, 29.37 ± 4.51 vs. 61.70 ±5.85） were significantly decreased （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The level of FPG （9.32 ± 2.57 mmol/L vs. 17.15 ± 2.54 mmoFL） in astragalosides high dose treated group was significantly decreased （P〈0.01）, the level of T-AOC （12.20 ±3.36 U/L vs. 9.34 ± 2.59 U/L） in serum was significantly increased （P〈0.01）. The activity of SOD （11.52 ±2.31 U/rag, 15.29 ±2.50 U/rag vs. 7.53 ± 1.86 U/mg） in serum of astragalosides medium and high dose treated groups were significantly increased （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The content of MDA （2.83 ±0.37 nmol/mg, 1.92 ± 0.31 umol/mg vs. 4.08 ± 0.42 nmol/mg） in pancreatic tissue of astragalosides medium, high dose treated groups were significantly decreased （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; the activity of SOD （11.52 ±2.31 U/rag, 15.29 ± 2.50 U/mg vs. 7.53 ±1.86 U/mg） and CAT （392.28 ± 38.05 U/g, 461.73 ± 42.52 U/g vs. 280.46 ± 29.61 U/g） were significantly increased （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion Astragalosides had protective effects on pancreatic tissue in diabetic rats.