我国风云四号气象卫星与日本Himawari-8/9卫星比较分析

The Chinese Next-Generation Geostationary Meteorological Satellite FY-4 Compared with the Japanese Himawari-8/9 Satellites

从观测仪器种类、观测波段设置、观测时空分辨率、仪器灵敏度、仪器定标精度、数据服务能力等六个方面比较和分析了我国风云四号(FY-4)试验星与日本Himawari-8/9卫星的水平和差距。从观测仪器种类方面来看,Himawari-8/9卫星只装载了辐射成像仪(AHI),FY-4试验星除装载一台与AHI性能基本相当的扫描辐射成像仪(AGRI)外,更将首次在静止轨道上同时实现红外干涉式高光谱探测和闪电探测;观测波段设置方面,FY-4试验星搭载的AGRI与Himawari-8/9 AHI基本相当;时空分辨率方面,AHI略优于AGRI;仪器灵敏度方面,AHI和AGRI在发射波段基本一致,AHI在反射波段明显优于AGRI;仪器定标精度方面,AHI和AGRI基本相当;数据服务能力方面,FY-4试验星仍然采用传统的卫星直接广播和借助通信卫星转发两种模式,而Himawari-8/9以互联网云服务为主,可按需灵活调配服务内容和性能且运维成本较低。

The Chinese next-generation geostationary meteorological satellite FY-4 will be launched in 2016,equipped with advanced geostationary radiation imager（AGRI）,geostationary interferometric infrared sounder（GIIRS） and lightning mapping imager（LMI）.This paper,from several aspects,such as spectral region,spatial resolution,temporal resolution,sensitivity,calibration accuracy and the way of data broadcasting,compares the FY-4 satellite with the Himawari-8/9 satellites developed by the Japan Meteorological Agency.