近43年安阳市雾日和霾日时空特征分析

The Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Fog Days and Haze Days in Anyang in Recent 43 Years

采用气候倾向率、气候趋势系数、Mann-Kendall检验和Morlet小波等研究方法,对安阳市5个站点1971—2013年的雾霾资料进行分析研究,结果表明:11971—2013年安阳全区年均雾日数和霾日数地域分布相似,均呈由西南向东北递减的特点.年平均轻雾日数以汤阴为中心,向周围递减,东部多与西部,平原多于山区.2雾日和霾日均呈现秋、冬季较多,春夏季少.3安阳全区雾日整体呈波动减少趋势,气候倾向率-1.4 d/10a.轻雾日呈波动增加趋势,气候倾向率6.1 d/10a.全区霾日数1986年前为减少趋势,1986年后呈增多趋势,其中2006年后增幅趋缓.4安阳市平均年雾日数在2008年发生突变减少;全市平均年轻雾日在1993年发生突变减少,2001年发生突变增多;安阳站的年霾日数在2005年发生突变增多.5安阳市雾日数第1主周期为22年,轻雾日数主周期为24年,霾日数主周期18年.

An analytical research of the information on fog and haze from 1971 to 2013 at five stations in Anyangcity has been conducted by utilizing the research methods of climatic tendency rate,climatic tendency coefficient,Mann-Kendall test and Morlet wavelet. The results show as follows：① From 1971 to 2013,the geographical distributionsof annual days of heavy fog and haze in the entire region of Anyang city are similar,both presenting the feature ofdiminishing from southwest to northeast. The average annual days of mist is centered on Tangyin,decreasingprogressively in around areas,with the east more than the west and the plain more than the mountainous areas.② Days of heavy fog and haze both present the feature of more in autumn and winter and less in spring and summer.③Days of heavy fog in the entire region of Anyang city generally show a trend of fluctuant decrease,with-1.4 d/10 aclimatic tendency rate,while days of mist show a trend of fluctuant increase,with 6.1 d/10 a climatic tendency rate.Days of haze in the entire region show a trend of decrease before 1986 yet an increase after 1986,and the increasegets slowly after 2006. ④Average annual heavy smog days in Anyang city decrease dramatically in 2008,and theaverage annual mist days decrease dramatically in 1993 but increase in 2001. Annual haze days in Anyang stationsuddenly increase in 2005. 5 The first primary period of heavy fog in Anyang city is 22 years,the primary period ofmist days being 24 years and haze days being 18 years.