基于生态压力指数的榆林市生态安全评价研究

Evaluation of Ecological Safety in Yulin Based on Ecological Tension Index

以生态足迹原理为基础,计算了榆林市2001—2013年的人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力,并用生态压力指数及其指数等级划分标准对其进行了生态安全评价.结果表明,榆林市2001—2013年间,人均生态足迹从3.522 hm^2上升到了4.290 hm^2,人均生态承载力从3.145 hm^2下降到了2.455 hm^2,生态压力指数从1.120上升到了1.748.由此看出,榆林市的自然生态处于不安全状态.榆林市今后要采取优化产业结构、完善退耕还林还草政策、改变能源结构,以及提高民众的环保意识等措施,以减少对自然生态的压力.

Based on the principle of ecological footprint,this paper calculates the ecological footprint andecological capacity in Yulin from 2001 to 2013. And the ecological tension index and rank partition standard areused to measure ecological safety of Yulin. The result shows that from 2001 to 2013,Yulin＇s ecological footprintwas 3.522 hm^2 to 4.290 hm^2,the ecological capacity was 3.145 hm^2 to 2.455 hm^2,and the ecological tension indexwas 1.120 to 1.748. Therefore,the natural ecology are in a unsafety state safety. The government should carry outthe measures to reduce the ecological tension,for example,optimizing the industrial structure,perfecting the policyof returning farmland to forest and grass,changing the energy structure,and improving the environmental awareness.