匹罗卡品颞叶癫痫大鼠不同损伤类型学习记忆的行为学研究

A behavioral study on learning and memory abilities of pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epilepsy rats of different injury types

目的研究慢性期氯化锂-匹罗卡品（LIP）颞叶癫痫（TLE）大鼠在不同类型学习记忆测试中的行为学表现，探索该模型大鼠的学习记忆损伤类型。方法30只SD大鼠按照随机数字表法分为TLE组（20只）和对照组（10只）。TLE组大鼠注射LIP造模，对照组注射等量生理盐水。造模6周后，对大鼠进行空间记忆、物体记忆及联合时间-空间因素的情景记忆测试，并在7.0T MRI下进行结构像扫描。结果TLE组13只大鼠在造模后出现癫痫持续状态，6周后其中11只大鼠观察到自发性癫痫发作。MRI T2成像显示，对照组大鼠海马结构完整，TLE组大鼠海马组织损伤。对照组大鼠在空间记忆、物体记忆及情景记忆测试中的运动活动度分别为（90.56±19.9） m/min、（92.58±14.83） m/min、（94.20±30.99） m/min，TLE组大鼠分别为（95.09±21.51） m/min、（117.10±44.38） m/min、（104.90±35.22） m/min，组间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。对照组大鼠空间记忆测试中的新位置、物体记忆测试中的新物体及情景记忆中旧物体旧位置及新物体新位置的探索时间比例均明显多于同一测试中对其他物体的探索，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。TLE组大鼠在上述测试中对不同物体、不同位置的探索时间比例差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论慢性期LIP-TLE大鼠的空间、物体及情景记忆能力均受到损伤，LIP-TLE大鼠模型可用于TLE相关学习记忆损伤的机制研究。

Objective To study the neurobehavioral manifestations of pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epilepsy （TLE） rats in different kinds of learning and memory ability tests at chronic stage. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomized into TLE group （n=20） and control group （n=10）. Intraperitoneal injection of lithium-pilocarpine （LIP） was performed in rats of the TLE group, and saline was given to the control group. Six weeks after modeling, rats were investigated in spatial, object, time and space combined episodic memory tests, and received 7.0 T MR imaging for structural images. Results Immediately after LIP treatment, 13 rats in the TLE group exhibited status epilepticus. Six weeks later, 11 of the 13 rats in the TLE group were observed spontaneous seizures. T2 images from MR imaging implied gray matter damage in the hippocampus in the TLE group and intact structure in the control group. The ranges of motion in the spatial memory, object memory and episodic memory in the control group were （90.56±19.9） m/min, （92.58±14.83） m/min and （94.20±30.99） m/min, respectively;those in the TLE group were （95.09±21.51） m/min, （117.10±44.38） m/min and （104.90±35.22） m/min; no significant differences were noted between the two groups （P〉0.05）. In the control group, more exploration time on novel location in the spatial test, novel object in the object test, familiar location-familiar object and novel location-novel object in the episodic test were showed than that on the other objects, with significant difference （P〈0.05）. In all the tests, there were no significant differences in the exploration times between/among the objects in the TLE group （P〉0.05）. Conclusion All spatial, object and episodic memory are impaired in chronic LIP-TLE rats.