γ-氨基丁酸受体在癫痫中的研究进展

Research progress of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor in epilepsy

γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是哺乳动物中枢神经系统中主要的抑制性神经递质，广泛分布于整个神经系统，其在大脑的变化与癫痫的发病机制有着重要的联系。本文现就GABA受体的结构、分类及受体在癫痫发病过程中的机制综述如下。

Gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, is widely distributed in the whole nervous system. It has important relation with the changes of GABA content and pathogenesis of epilepsy. Some studies have shown that the incidence of epilepsy is related to the decrease of GABA mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission and the therapeutic effect of hippocampal electrical stimulation on treatment of drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy model may be achieved by increasing the content of GABA in brain tissue. Accordingly, these views will open up a new way for the treatment of epilepsy. Although the changes of GABA receptors are closely related to the epilepsy, the reports of the study of GABA receptor are different and contradictory. Therefore, the structure, classification and partial regulation mechanism of GABA receptor will be summed up in this review.