社会分配正义中的条件与制度保证

Conditions and Institutional Correction in Distributive Justice

社会分配正义是一种基于利益合理正当分配基础之上的社会美德，是一个社会必须存在的制度性保证。然而，正义并非法力无边，社会分配正义的存在有着不同的层次性，不同的共同体存在着不同的正义；而且分配正义也存在着条件性，我们所生活的现实社会是不存在什么无条件的正义的，一切的正义都必须存在于条件中。当然，社会中的分配正义无论是哪一个层次，都存在着社会正义问题的讨论，每一个社会层次的利益分配也都有正义的条件性，分配正义保障了公民的基本利益，需要相应的制度保证。对于这些各种各样的社会分配，应遵循三个原则，即平等、需要和应得。

Distributive justice is not only a social virtue based on judicially distributing reasonable interest, but also an institutional guarantee consequentially existing in the society. Nevertheless, justice has merely limit- ed power. There exists a distinct hierarchy of social distributive justice, and different communities share di- verse justice. Also, distributive justice is conditioned. The alleged unconditional justice does not exist in our re- alistic society; namely, all justice must consist in some conditions to some extents. Since there has social justice problem under all distributive hierarchies, conditioned justice of interest distribution lies in every social level, which naturally requires correcting injustice and unfair circumstances in the context of social distributive jus- tice. The majority perspective of justice regulates normative principles, while these principles could solve dis- putes in which justice has been relatively conducted and settled.