论东魏北齐定都邺城的地理因素

The Geographical Factors of Ye City Been the Capital in Dongwei and Beiqi Dynasties

华北南部的漳河流域相对优越的自然环境,为邺城一带的经济发展奠定了基础,并积淀了厚重的历史文化。在南北朝分裂割据的政治背景下,西魏、北周占据了古都长安,北魏的都城洛阳成了东魏、北齐与西魏、北周对峙的前沿地带。相比而言,邺城基本处于东魏、北齐的疆域中心,符合古代建都的一般原则:居天下之中的区位原则、堪舆学的风水相宜原则、山川险固的国都安全原则、掌控全国的天下襟喉原则。同时又具备农业生产水土、气候条件和工商业繁荣的自然资源等经济地理因素。自商朝以后,邺城曾数次成为分裂割据背景下北方政治、军事中心,袁绍、曹操据此地以争天下,后赵、前燕先后于此地建都立国,积淀了深厚的人文地理因素。相对优越的自然条件和深厚人文地理环境,共同构成了东魏、北齐定都邺城的地理因素。

The Zhanghe river basin in the southern part of north China has a relatively superior natural environment, which laid a foundation for the economic development of Yecheng area,and accumulated heavy historical and cultural. Under the political landscape of separate regime, Yecheng geographic location, the prosperity of social economy and profound humanistic geography, were the important reasons that it became the capital of Dongwei and Beiqi dynasties.