应用TOPSIS法评价我国健康教育机构服务绩效

Evaluation of the Service Performance of Health Education Organizations in China by TOPSIS Method

背景健康教育是WHO首选的医疗公共卫生策略,在整个公共卫生体系中具有举足轻重的地位,其对于提高居民的自我保健意识、改善自我健康行为,最终提升生活质量具有重要作用。而我国对健康教育及其绩效评价缺乏重视。目的了解我国健康教育服务的绩效情况,为提高居民健康状况、生活质量以及为健康教育机构提供参考。方法查阅《2014中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》,从健康教育服务形式、传播材料制作、主办网站及健康教育培训人次数4个维度选取10项指标作为评价指标,采用TOPSIS法对我国健康教育专业机构的服务情况进行综合评价。结果综合服务绩效前5名的地区分别为山东、湖南、四川、广东和河南,后5名的地区为新疆、西藏、天津、海南和北京。健康教育形式前5名的地区为山东、河南、云南、四川和湖南,传播材料制作前5名的地区为广东、湖南、四川、山东和江苏,主办网站前5名的地区为四川、山东、江苏、湖北和湖南,健康教育培训人次数前5名的地区为湖南、河南、四川、河北和甘肃。结论总体服务情况绩效排名较前的地区集中在东部和南部地区,排名靠后的地区多分布于西部,北部地区居中,且总体服务情况与各维度的服务情况存在不一致的现象。我国应加大健康教育的投入,促进健康教育各地区、各方面的均衡发展。

Background Health education is a WHO preferred medical and public health strategy and occupies a pivotal position in the public health system. It plays an important role in improving self- care consciousness, forming healthy behavior,and enhancing the quality of life among residents. However,there is a lack of attention on health education and its performance evaluation. Objective To investigate the performance of health education service and to provide references for relevant organs to improve the health status and quality of life of residents. Methods By reviewing the China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook 2014,we selected 4 dimensions and 10 indexes as evaluation indexes,which were health education service form,production of communication materials,hosting website and the number of people receiving health education and training. Comprehensive evaluation was made on the service status of professional service organs of health education of China using TOPSIS method. Results The regions ranked the first five in comprehensive service performance were Shandong Province,Hunan Province, Sichuan Province, Guangdong Province and Henan Province, and the regions ranked the last five were Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Xizang Autonomous Region,Tianjin,Hainan Province and Beijing. The regions ranked the first five in health education form were Shandong Province,Henan Province,Yunnan Province,Sichuan Province and Hunan Province. The regions ranked the first five in communication materials were Guangdong Province, Hunan Province, Sichuan Province,Shandong Province and Jiangsu Province. The regions ranked the first five in hosting website were Sichuan Province,Shandong Province,Jiangsu Province,Hubei Province and Hunan Province. The regions ranked the first five in the number of people receiving health education and training were Hunan Province,Henan Province,Sichuan Province,Hebei Province and Gansu Province. Conclusion The regions that rank better are mostly in the east part and the south part of China, and the regions that rank worst are mostly in the western part; the regions ranking in the middle are mostly in the central area. There is consistency between the overall service and the service of each dimension. China should increase the investment in health education and promote the balanced development of health education in each region and each aspect.