棉/粘胶弹力交织物的生物酶前处理工艺

Biological enzyme pretreatment process for cotton / rayon elastic fabric

为减少织物损伤,降低前处理污水排放浓度和排放量,采用生物酶工艺处理棉/粘胶弹力交织物。采用渗透性和乳化性优异的表面活性剂与生物酶结合协同处理坯布,使坯布上的杂质发生生物降解、乳化、增溶,再结合氧漂工艺完成织物的前处理。采用平行试验与正交试验,考察织物的果胶去除率、毛细效应、白度、强力损伤率及排放污水的污染物浓度。结果表明:处理后织物果胶去除率达到89.3%;30 min毛细效应为9.5 cm;白度为85.9%;强力损伤率比常规生产的试样小;试样质量符合常规半制品的要求。该生物酶退煮与氧漂工艺产生废水的化学需氧量比常规工艺产生的废水低35.9%,废水的色度下降56倍,废水的p H值下降1.7,减排效果明显。

In order to avoid fabric damage and reduce discharge concentration and quantity of waste water,a biological enzyme pretreatment process on cotton-rayon elastic fabrics was put forward. An efficient surfactant with excellent permeability and emulsifying properties was selected to combine with biological enzyme in the treatment of grey cloth. Therefore,the impurities on grey cloth were degraded,emulsified and solubilized. Then the oxygen bleaching process were conducted in the following pretreatment process. The removal rate of pectin,capillary effect,whiteness,strength damage rate and pollutant concentration were investigated by parallel and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the removal rate of pectin reached 89. 3%,capillary effect was 9. 5 cm（ 30 min）,and the whiteness reached 85. 9%. The strength damage rate was less than that of conventional process. The sample quality meet the requirement of the semi-finished products. The COD value of wastewater was 35. 9% lower than that produced during regular process. In the meanwhile,color degree reduced by 56 times and p H value decreased by 1. 7 in comparison with the conventional process used in factory. The biological enzyme pretreatment process had obvious effect on emission reduction.