现实主义的话语歧变:马克思主义文论中国化的一段问题史

The Discourse Divergence and Evolution of Realism: A History of the Problem of the Sinicization of Marxist Literal Criticism

20世纪前期,现实主义在中国的传播和生长过程中,因受马克思主义文艺研究的影响而成为文艺理论研究领域的显学。因马克思主义文艺研究者的认知分歧,现实主义在中国化的过程中产生了方向变异:一条走向马克思、恩格斯的现实主义论,另一条走向了苏联的政治化现实主义论。理论资源的来源影响并制约着理论本土化的性质与方向。脱离文学活动自身的特质,以政治强行规定文艺活动的性质,属于理论上的"强制阐释"。

In the early 20 th century,the dissemination and growth of realism in China became prominent in the theory of literature and art due to the influence of Marxist literature and art study. However,owing to the different understandings among scholars of Marxist literature and art study,realism diverted in two different directions in the process of Sinicization： Marx-Engels＇ realism and former Soviet politics-oriented realism. The sources of the theoretical resources influence and restrain the nature and direction of theoretical localization.Divorced from the peculiarity of literary activities themselves,politically enforced stipulation of the nature of a certain literary activity is,theoretically,＂enforced interpretation＂.