倒春寒天气对晋南小麦产量的影响

Effect of Late Spring Coldness on the Winter Wheat Yield in Southern Shanxi

采用山西南部中熟冬麦区2012—2015年小麦产量和3月下旬及4月上中旬最低气温资料,分析了倒春寒对小麦产量的影响。结果表明,倒春寒是晋南频繁而严重的自然灾害之一;不同年份4月上旬最低气温与后期的产量显著正相关,其次为4月中旬,而3月下旬最低气温对后期产量没太大影响;任何品种在其参试的2 a里产量均遵循2014年>2015年>2012年>2013年的变化规律,基因型之间倒春寒抗性差异对产量的作用小于倒春寒对整个小麦群体的影响。

The lowest temperatures in late March, early and middle of on April from 2012 to 2015 in Linfen were collected from Linfen Meteorological Bureau,and wheat yield from the regional testing in the northern area of Huang Huai Plain at the same time. These data were used to analyze the effect of late spring coldness on the wheat yield. The results indicated that the late spring coldness occurred frequently and severely in southern Shanxi province. The lowest temperature in early April between different years existed significantly positive correlation with the latest yield, and followed by the middle April. And the lowest temperature differences in late March between different years didn＇t have much impact to the yield. All variety in this test followed the change rule that the yield of some varieties of 2years followed 2014〉2015〉2012〉2013. The impact of resistance difference of late spring coldness on wheat yield between genotypes was less than the impact of the late spring coldness to the yield of all varieties.