政策措施对新兴技术演化的影响分析——以3D打印技术为例

Analysis of the Effects of Policy Measures on Emerging Technology Evolution——A Case Study of 3D Printing Technology

在对新兴技术演化阶段划分的基础上,基于需求和供应视角对政府政策措施与新兴技术演化进行了匹配分析,并以3D打印技术为例,探讨了政策措施对新兴技术演化的影响。结果发现:在演化形成阶段,新兴技术可根据其发展特征分为基础研究、初步兴起、相对低潮、重新定向和应用研发5个阶段。在基础研究阶段,政府主要通过提供研发资金培育新兴技术;在初步兴起阶段,应注重为大学、科研院所、研发企业提供基础设施建设及相关资金投入;在相对低潮及重新定向阶段,政府要注重人才培养,支持并设立"示范工程"项目;进入应用研发阶段后,应兼顾供给侧与需求侧政策措施,尤其应落实领先市场政策。

Based on the evolution process of emerging technology,this paper analyzes the policy measures how to match emerging technology evolution from the perspective demand and supply side.And the paper discusses of the effects of policy measures on emerging technology evolution at last with the case of 3Dprinting.The conclusions are：the paper classifies the evolution of emerging technologies into five stages during the formation stage based on the development features：fundamental research,initial form,disillusion,re-orientation,application development.At the stage of fundamental research,the government mainly set up R＆D funding plan to foster emerging technologies;at the stage of initial form,government should provide infrastructure construction and funding for universities,research institutes;at the stage of disillusion and re-orientation,government should support for personnel training and mobility,and set up demonstration projects;at the stage of application development,a combination of supply-and demand-side measures are appropriate,and great attention must be paid on implementation of policy of lead market.