陕西中等肥力水田小麦主要农艺性状与产量的相关分析

Correlative Analysis between Main Agronomic Traits and Yield of Wheat in Shaanxi Regional Medium Fertility Irrigated Land

以11个小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种(系)试验结果为依据,对8个主要农艺性状和产量性状进行灰色关联度和相关性分析,以期为陕西中等肥力水田小麦育种提供参考。结果表明,最高茎数、产量、有效穗数、千粒重、每穗粒数、穗长变异系数较大;8个主要农艺性状与产量的关联度由大到小依次为有效穗数、每穗粒数、最高茎数、基本苗数、生育期、千粒重、穗长、株高;有效穗数和每穗粒数与产量呈显著正相关,穗长与产量呈显著负相关。结合该地区小麦生态条件特点提出,提高陕西中等肥力水田小麦产量的措施为提高分蘖成穗率;在育种上或栽培措施上提高每穗粒数;同时注重千粒重、株高和穗长的协调。

To provide a reference for wheat breeding in Shaanxi medium fertility irrigated land, grey correlative degree and correlation analysis between 8 major agronomic traits and yield of 11 wheat varieties were carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of the highest tiller number, yield, effective ear number,1 000-grain weight, grain number per ear and ear length were higher than others. The descending order of grey correlation degree between 8 main agronomic characters and yield was as followings： Effective spike numbers was the maximum, then were grain number per spike, maximum tiller numbers, basic seedlings, growth period,1 000-grain weight, spike length, and plant height was the minimum. The effective spike numbers and grain number per spike had significantly positive relationship with yield, but spike length had significantly negative relationship with it. Combining with the characteristics of ecological condition in Shaanxi, measures to improve wheat production in Shaanxi medium fertility irrigated land were put forward as follows, increasing productive tiller rate to ensure suitable effective spike numbers, increasing grain number per spike by breeding or cultivation practices, focusing on the coordination of 1 000-grain weight, ear length and plant height.