新公共服务导向的城市历史街区发展模式选择——基于上海市居民满意度的实证分析

CHOICE OF NEW PUBLIC SERVICE-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT MODE OF URBAN HISTORIC DISTRICTS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF RESIDENTS' SATISFACTION IN SHANGHAI CITY

城市历史街区的发展模式选择是城市的重要问题,新公共服务中公民满意度测量及评价逐渐被强调,旧有的发展导向及政策模式也亟需重新审视。本研究立足于上海的实证案例构造居民居住满意度模型,通过主成分分析、建立回归模型等方法分析居民对街区政策评价与其居住满意度之间的相关性,并通过横向对比分析出关键因素。研究发现动迁与保护政策对于改善城市历史街区的作用已经减退,相反治理与参与的改善对于提升居民居住满意度并最终促进街区发展作用显著,据此建议城市历史街区的发展必须重视治理方式的转变以及参与水平的提高。

The development of urban historic districts acts an increasingly important role in the macro-strategy of urban development. In the context of New Public Service, more and more importance is attached to the measurement and evaluation of citizens＇ satisfaction, so it is urgent to re-examine the original development mode and policies. Based on a case study on Shanghai City, this paper constructs a residents＇ satisfaction model and analyzes the correlation between residents＇ comments on district policies and their residential satisfaction by introducing PCA and regression models. In addition, it sums up the key elements that affect the residential satisfaction using the federated model comparison. Based on that, it concludes that relocation and preservation policies have an increasingly less effect on improving urban historic districts. On the contrary, governance and participation can increase residents＇ satisfaction and significantly boost the development of the districts. As a consequence, it is suggested that due attention should be paid to thetransformation of governance and participation in the development of urban historic districts.