论我国离婚损害赔偿制度立法的不足与完善

On the Deficiency and Improvement of Compensation System for Divorce Damage in China's Legislation

2001年修订的《婚姻法》确立离婚损害赔偿制度,意在保护婚姻中无过错方的正当权益。然而十多年的司法实践表明,由于受离婚损害赔偿适用情形狭隘、责任主体受限、救济途径单一等多个方面立法不足的影响,使得该制度的运行效果并不理想。因此,有必要借鉴其他国家和地区关于离婚损害赔偿制度的立法经验以完善我国相关立法。具体而言:一是扩大离婚损害赔偿的具体适用情形,将严重影响婚姻家庭关系的通奸、卖淫、嫖娼、酗酒、吸毒、赌博以及迷信活动等情形纳入进来;二是允许无过错方有权要求插足其婚姻家庭关系的第三者予以损害赔偿;三是离婚损害赔偿亦应适用于协议离婚。

In 2001,amendment of the marriage law established the system of compensation for divorce damage,intended to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the no-fault party in marriage. However,after more than 10 years,justice practice indicated that the system produced little effect,because the compensation of divorce damage was too narrow,the boundary of the responsibility party for a fault was limited,the processor of divorce proceedings was too simplex,and so on. To complex the legislation in China,it is necessary that we use the legislate experience in other countries or other districts for reference. Specifically,first,the boundary of compensation for divorce damage should be enlarged,including commit adultery,prostitution,whoring,intemperance,drug taking,gambling,superstition and the like. Second,the no-fault party has the right to get the compensation of the third party that broke the legitimate marriage. Third,the system should apply to the agreement divorce.