丹江口库区果茶场II旧石器遗址形成过程研究

Site Formation Analysis of Guochachang II Palaeolithic Site in Danjiangkou Reservoir Region

考古发掘中揭露的遗址,在其使用、废弃以及埋藏阶段都可能受到不同程度自然营力的影响。对遗址形成过程进行分析,成为判断遗址完整程度以及解释人类行为与活动的基础。本文主要从遗址所在区域的地质地貌特征、地层沉积物性质、石制品风化磨蚀程度、空间分布方式、分布密度、尺寸范围以及石制品拼合等方面对遗址形成过程进行分析,并进而判断人类行为以及自然营力对遗址形成的影响。

The formation of the Palaeolithic sites revealed in the excavation would be influenced by human behaviors and non-human agents in the process of their use, discard and burial. The analysis of the site formation process has been becoming the precondition of judging the integrity of site and interpreting the behaviors of early hominids. For carrying on the site formation analysis of Guochachang II site, this paper mainly focuses on the following aspects： Geological and geomorphological background of the site; Nature of the sediments; Artifact condition（the degree of weathering and abrasion）; Artifact spatial distribution patterns（horizontal and vertical）; Artifact distribution density; Assemblage size profiles; Artifact refitting. The study of the site formation process of Guochachang II site shows that the site was influenced by the small to medium flow dynamics. Although the primary context was disturbed in a certain degree, much important information is still preserved on human activities and behaviors.