环评公众参与在化解环境邻避冲突中的作用

The Role of Public Participation in EIA to Resolving Environmental NIMBY Conflicts

"邻避设施"为广泛区域的民众服务,但由于其可能对环境、民众健康及生命财产安全产生威胁,民众并不希望设施设置在其住所附近。随着人们环境权益维护意识的增强以及对居住环境要求的日益提高,由"邻避设施"引发的环境邻避冲突并不鲜见。公众参与是我国环境保护的一项重要原则,是民众参与环境公共事务,表达民意的一种有效途径。可见,政府在邻避设施的立项及整个环评过程都应当征求民众意见。我国环境影响评价法规对公众参与均有规定。环境影响评价中的公众参与在化解环境邻避冲突里有着十分重要的作用。文章通过介绍邻避现象和邻避设施的内涵,同时探讨了邻避现象产生的原因;基于对环境邻避冲突的解决措施的研究,讨论了环境影响评价公众参与在化解环境邻避冲突中的作用;并针对公众参与在化解环境邻避冲突中的不足提出了对策和建议。

NIMBY facilities are served for people in large regions. People do not want the facilities to be built near their houses as they are probably bad for environment, people＇ health and property. With the increasing requirements to protecting environment rights and the living areas, NIMBY conflicts become uncommon. Public participation is an important principle of protecting the environment in China. It＇s a good way for people to take part in public affairs and express public opinion. As a result, the government should consult public opinion when NIMBY facilities are set up to project and assess the environment quality. Environmental regulations prescribe the rights of public participation. Public participation of EIA plays a very important role in resolving environmental NIMBY conflicts. NIMBY and its causes are introduced in the paper. The role of public participation in EIA which plays to resolve environmental NIMBY conflicts is discussed. The article also proposes the suggestions to the weakness of public participation in EIA when resolving environmental NIMBY conflicts.