自贸区视角下的外资银行进入适度水平研究

The Moderate Level of Foreign Banks' Entry Based on the Free Trade Zone

上海自贸区的设立使得外资银行进入对我国本土商业银行效率的影响进一步显现.选取首批入驻上海自贸区的7家本土商业银行为样本,利用其2001-2013年的面板数据、采用双效应模型证明了外资银行进入存在适度水平,尤其对本土商业银行营业成本的效率影响最为显著.同时发现,国有大型商业银行在外资银行进入时能够更快提升资产安全性,外资银行进入的适度水平并不会因为银行总部是否在自贸区所在地而产生差异.基于此,文章认为应该理性看待外资银行进入对本土商业银行效率的影响,坚持“放开”与“监管”两手抓,进一步提升本土商业银行的自主学习能力,总结上海自贸区外资银行进入经验并且在全国范围内复制、创新.

After the establishment of Shanghai Free Trade Zone,the effect of foreign banks' entry on the efficiency of domestic commercial banks in China has become more evident.Choosing the first 7domestic banks in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone,this paper uses the panel data from 2001 to 2013and the double-effect model to confirm the existence of moderate level of foreign banks' entry.The moderate level is significant on operating costs.At the same time,we find that the large state-owned commercial banks are the quickest to enhance safety and there is no difference by whether or not the headquarters of domestic commercial banks are in the same place with the Shanghai Free Trade Zone.Accordingly,this paper suggests that a rational perspective should be formed on the effect of foreign banks' entry.By focusing on opening-up and supervision,the self-learning ability of domestic commercial banks should be improved to popularize the experience of Shanghai Free Trade Zone with innovation.