鸦片战争前清代外贸口岸体系研究

The Study of Foreign Trade Port System of Qing Dynasty before the Opium War

鸦片战争前,清廷建立了一个与朝贡体制密切相关、涵盖所有贸易对象国且功能齐备的外贸口岸体系。其外贸各口岸多系顺应中外贸易发展规律、具有交通及外贸地理区位等诸多优势,故能基本满足需要。作者在考察清统治者构建朝贡贸易体制以及相应的口岸体系的基础上,分析清前期外贸政策的性质及其时代适应性。

Before the Opium War,the Qing Dynasty established a comprehensively functional foreign tradeport system which combined the tributary institution and covered all the foreign trade partner countries. All the ports were established based on tradition connected with foreign trade and held the geographical advantage,so they can meet the need of traditional foreign trade development. Based on discussion of tributary trade and port system,the author discusses the historic characteristic and adaptability of Qing Dynasty's foreign trade policy in its early period.