开展自我管理教育对老年冠心病患者自我效能和生活质量的影响

Effects of self-management education on quality of life in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease

目的探究开展自我管理教育对患者自我效能和生活质量的影响。方法选取2012年1月至2014年1月期间我院心内科接受治疗的108例老年冠心病患者,采用随机数字表法将108例患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各54例患者。对照组患者给予常规照护,观察组患者给予自我管理教育。对比2组患者护理后的自我效能得分、生活质量得分、自我护理行为得分。结果 2组患者护理前的自我效能得分、生活质量得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理1、3月后2组患者的自我效能得分、生活质量得分显著改善,2组间差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理3月后观察组患者的自我护理行为显著优于对照组患者(P<0.05)。结论对老年冠心病患者进行自我管理教育能够显著改善患者的自我效能,提高自护能力和生活质量,可以在临床上进一步推广和使用。

Objective To investigate the effects of self-management education on quality of life in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Methods 108 elderly cases of coronary heart disease receiving treatment in our hospital during January 2012 to January 2014 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group using a random number table method, with 54 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing, and the observation group received self-management education. The self-efficacy score, quality of life score, self-care behavior score were analyzed and compared between two gorups. Results The self-efficacy score, quality of life score showed no significant difference （P〉 0. 05） between two groups before treatment, while showed significant difference 1 month, 3 months after treatment （P〈0.05）. The self-care behavior score in observation group was significantly better than that in the control group 3 months after treatment （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions In elderly patients with coronary heart disease, self- management education can significantly improve the patient＇s self-efficacy, self-care ability and improve the quality of life, which can be further promoted and used in clinical practice.