卵母细胞成熟与老化的研究进展

Research progress of maturation and aging of oocyte

哺乳动物卵母细胞的发育与成熟是一个复杂的生物学过程,是生殖行为的关键,这一过程中的任何差错都会导致卵母细胞发育异常或不孕。研究人类卵母细胞成熟与老化,对于了解人类胚胎发育特征以及认识反复流产、胚胎停育、不孕不育等疾病发病机制的具有重要意义。本文综述了卵母细胞减数分裂的停滞与恢复、卵母细胞的核成熟、胞质成熟以及卵母细胞老化等方面研究。

Maturation and development of oocyte is a complex biologic process in mammalian,which is the key event in the reproductive process. Any errors in this process can lead to the oocyte developmental abnormalities or infertility. Research of maturation and aging of oocyte is important for understanding the characteristics of human embryonic development and the pathological mechanism of recurrent miscarriage, embryo development arrest, infertility and other diseases. This paper reviews the research progress of oocyte meiotic arrest and resumption, oocyte nuclear maturation, oocyte cytoplasmic maturation and aging.