基于中点模型的北京地铁暗挖车站建设期环境影响评价

Environmental impact assessment based on mid-point model of excavated metro station in Beijing

以地铁暗挖车站建设期为研究对象,以生命周期评价为基本方法,基于中点模型中的环境影响科学中心方法,选取全球变暖(GWP)、酸化(AP)、水体富营养化(EP)、非生物资源消耗(ADP)、人体毒性(HTP)、光化学烟雾(POCP)六个中点环境破坏类型,根据地铁暗挖车站的特点,确定地铁车站建设期的目的与范围,建立地铁暗挖车站建设期环境影响评估模型.通过对实际工程的环境影响实例分析发现,二次衬砌在车站主体结构建设期的环境影响中占50%以上;地铁暗挖车站建设期内,各环境影响因素从大到小依次为GWP、AP、POCP、EP、ADP和HTP.研究成果为地铁车站建设期的节能减排工作提供了有力的数据支持.

Based on the theory of（life Cycle Assessment,LCA）and the mid-point model,the method of centre of environmental science（CML）is chose to evaluate the environmental impacts of construction in urban rail transit by considering global warming（GWP）,acidification（AP）,eutrophication（EP）,non-living resources consumption（ADP）,human toxicity（HTP）,photochemical smog（POCP）as the evaluation index.Therefore,a new model for assessing the environmental influences of construction in urban transit station by introducing the construction characteristics of urban rail transit station which is built by undercutting method.Finally,an urban rail transit station in Beijing is evaluated by the model and the results show the proportion of the environmental impacts of secondary structure in the major structure is more than 50%in the total impacts.The environmental impacts of the evaluation index from large to small are as follows：GWP,AP,POCP,EP,ADP and HTP,which provide support for energy saving and emission reduction in the construction period of urban rail transit station.