苦参总黄酮对醋酸铅所致雄性小鼠生精障碍的影响

Effects of flavonoids from sophora flavescens on the spermatogenesis obstacle induced by lead acetate in male mice

目的研究苦参总黄酮(flavonoids from sophora flavescens)对醋酸铅所致雄性小鼠生精障碍的作用及其机制。方法实验分为对照组、染铅组、苦参总黄酮组及人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)组,采用灌胃醋酸铅(40 mg/kg)连续7 d建立雄性小鼠生精障碍模型,苦参总黄酮组灌胃苦参总黄酮600 mg/kg,HCG组腹腔注射HCG 500 IU/kg,连续30 d。观察雄性小鼠的精子密度、精子活力、精子畸形率,睾丸组织匀浆的Mg^(2+)-ATP酶、Ca^(2+)-ATP酶、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)活性及血清中睾酮(T)等指标,并观察睾丸组织的病理改变。结果与对照组比较,染铅组精子密度、精子活力明显降低,精子畸形率增高,睾丸组织中Mg^(2+)-ATP酶、Ca^(2+)-ATP酶、SOD及SDH活性降低、血清中T水平降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),染铅组睾丸组织苏木素-伊红(HE)染色可见生精上皮明显变薄,生精细胞层次和数量均减少,生精小管腔可见少量精子形成。与染铅组比较,苦参总黄酮组的精子密度、精子活力相应增高,精子畸形率降低,睾丸组织中Mg^(2+)-ATP、Ca^(2+)-ATP、SOD、SDH的活性增高、血清中T水平增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),HE染色显示苦参总黄酮组与染铅组比较,生精上皮增厚,生精细胞层次和数量明显增多。结论苦参总黄酮对雄性小鼠的醋酸铅所致生精障碍有一定保护作用,作用机制很可能为其通过抗氧化作用,从而影响精子发育相关的激素及能量代谢酶的水平发挥作用。

Objective To study the effects and its mechanism of flavonoids from sophora flavescens for spermatogenesis obstacle of male mice caused by lead acetate. Methods The experiment was composed of four groups： the control group,the lead-contaminated group,the flavonoids from sophora flavescens group,the human chorionic gonadotropin（ HCG） group. The reproductive toxicity of male mice model was made by lead acetate at a dose of 40 mg / kg·bw by gavage for 7 days. Flavonoids from sophora flavescens（ 600 mg / kg） was given by gavage,human chorionic gonadotropin（ 500 IU / kg） was administered by intraperitoneal injection for 30 consecutive days. The mice were sacrificed for the measurement of sperm density,the sperm motility and the sperm aberration rate. The activities of Mg^（2＋）-ATPase,Ca^（2＋）-ATPase,superoxide dismutase（ SOD） and sorbitol dehydrogenase（ SDH） in testicular tissue homogenate were determined respectively. The level of testosterone（ T） in blood serum was detected using the Griess reaction. The pathological changes of testicular tissues were observed.Results Compared with the control group,the sperm density and the sperm motility were reduced,the sperm aberration rate was increased,the activities of Mg^（2＋）-ATPase,Ca^（2＋）-ATPase,SOD and SDH in testicular tissue homogenate were lessened,the level of T was decreased in blood serum in the lead-contaminated group（ P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. Compared with the lead-contaminated group,the sperm density and the sperm motility were increased,the sperm aberration rate was decreased,the activities of Mg^（2＋）-ATPase,Ca^（2＋）-ATPase,SOD and SDH in testicular tissue homogenate were increased,the level of T was increased in blood serum in the flavonoids from sophora flavescens group（ P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. HE staining showed that compared with the control group,cell number of spermatogenic epithelium were lower on morphological testis; the levels and numbers of spermatogenic cells were decreased; little spermiogenesis was observed in most seminiferous tubule in the lead-contaminated group. Compared with the lead-contaminated group,seminiferous epithelia cell were thickened,the level and quantity of sperm cells were increased in flavonoids from sophora flavescens group. Conclusion Flavonoids from sophora flavescens has a certain protective effect on spermatogenesis obstacle of male mice caused by lead acetate,its mechanism is more likely to influence the levels of hormone and energy metabolism enzyme related to sperm development through antioxidation.