含氟二元醇改性超支化水性聚氨酯的制备与性能研究

Preparation and properties of a fluorinated diols modified waterborne hyperbranched polyurethane

首先合成了具有长支链结构的含氟二元醇DEFA,用DEFA部分代替小分子扩链剂合成线型聚氨酯预聚体,然后加入自制的超支化聚氨酯核HBPU-0当交联剂,最后用乙二胺扩链,合成了含氟二元醇改性超支化水性聚氨酯(FHBPU)乳液。红外测试表明DEFA已经被接入到超支化聚氨酯中。通过一系列测试表明,加入DEFA后,FHBPU的耐热性、疏水性都有所提高。随着DEFA含量的增加,乳液粒径和拉伸强度逐渐增大,断裂伸长率和吸水性下降。当DEFA占聚氨酯质量的10%时,FHBPU的综合性能较好,此时其乳液粒径为131 nm,拉伸强度为10.8 MPa,断裂伸长率为368%,24 h吸水性为5.4%。

The fluorinated diol DEFA with long branched-chain structure was first synthesized. Using DEFA partly instead of small molecule chain extender,the linear polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized,then adding the homemade hyperbranched polyurethane HBPU-0 as the cross-linking agent,and finally reacted with ethylene diamine as chain extender,so the fluorinated diol-modified hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane（FHBPU） emulsion was synthesized. IR spectra results showed that DEFA had been accessed to the hyperbranched polyurethane. After adding D EFA,the heat resistance and hydrophobicity of FHBPU were improved. A series of tests showed that with increasing DEFA content,the particle size of emulsion and tensile strength increased,the elongation at break and water absorption decreased. When DEFA content was 10 %,the overall performance of FHBPU was better,in which case its emulsion particle size was 131 nm,the tensile strength was 10.8 MPa,and the elongation at break of 368 %,24 h water absorption was 5.4%.