哈萨克马不同发育阶段睾丸组织学研究

Histological Differences in Kazakh Horse Testes at Different Development Stages

【目的】研究对雄性哈萨克马四个发育阶段,即马驹、周岁马、3岁马和5岁以上马的睾丸组织进行组织学观察与分析,了解不同阶段睾丸组织的特点,为种公马的科学管理和使用提供理论依据。【方法】采用石蜡组织切片制作技术和显微观察的方法。【结果】随着马的发育成熟,马的睾丸组织体积逐渐增大,睾丸组织曲精细管的直径也依次增加。幼驹的睾丸组织尚未发育完全,为睾丸索;周岁马的曲精细管已经形成,但是生殖细胞的发育还不完全。比较3岁马和成年马的睾丸大小以及曲精细管和曲精细管内的生殖细胞的数量,3岁马的睾丸体积接近成年马,但是睾丸的宽度和长度略小于成年马(P<0.05)。3岁马曲精细管的直径和细管内的精子数也略小于成年马,但差异不显著(P>0.05),精子细胞数目之间也无显著差异(P>0.05)。【结论】新疆哈萨克公马在生产中选择4岁以上的公马做种用合理的。

【Objective】The present study aims to analyze the histological sections of Kazakh horse testes at different development stages： 5- month- old foal,1. 5- year- old yearling,3- year- old stallion and stallion aged 5 years or more. The aim of the study is to identify distinct histological characteristics at different testicular development stages with an eye to provide scientific reference for stallion feeding and management.【Method】The main methods employed in the study were paraffin section technique and microscopic observation.【Result】Horse testis size and seminiferous tubule diameter increased with age. Testicular cords were found in foal testes and were of primary form of seminiferous tubule. Yearlings had under- developed testes,with appearance of seminiferous tubules,incomplete germ cells of spermatogenesis. 3 years horse had complete germ cells of spermatogenesis,with smaller testis size（ P〈0. 05）,smaller seminiferous tubule diameters（ P〉0. 05） and less elongated spermatids（ P〉0. 05） than stallions aged 5 years or older.【Conclusion】Based on the above findings,it is scientific to utilize stallions aged 4 years or older to mate mares.