CD146促进黑色素瘤间质式运动的研究进展

Research progress of CD146 promoting mesenchymal - type melanoma movement

目的极化是细胞运动的前提，对胚胎发育、白细胞变形和肿瘤细胞的侵袭是必要的。然而，来自细胞外环境的信号是如何诱导细胞极化的，目前报道较少。本文主要介绍黑素色瘤细胞极化并收缩的过程及机制，即CD146在Wnt信号的作用下通过囊泡运输使之由原先的均匀分布重新转变为尾端极化形式，继而以CD146为中心在细胞尾部募集肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白Ⅱ形成极化的Wnt-receptor—actin—myosin—polarity（WRAMP）结构，并通过尾部细胞膜的收缩和与粘连物分解之间的协调来使细胞进行问质式运动。可见CD146作为WRAMP结构的核心部件，在黑色素瘤间质式运动中有重要作用。

Polarized cell migration is necessary for embryonic morphogenesis, leukocyte traficking, and tumor cell invasion. However, there remain gaps in our understanding of how cues from the extracellular environment are propagated into polarized regions of front - rear signaling necessary for directed cell migration. In this paper, we intro- duced the melanoma cells polarization and contraction processes, as well mechanisms, under the effect of Wnt signa- ling. Namely, in untreated ceils, CD146 was distributed uniformly. However, treatment of cells with WntSa led to re- distribution of CD146 into a polarized structure, which also contained actin and myosin ]I recruited around CD146 at the tail end of moving cells, and preferred to as the WntSa -mediated receptor- actin -myosin polarity （WRAMP） structure. Moreover, directional movement involves coordination between membrane retraction and disassembly of adhe- sions at the rear, which involved degradation of focal adhesion and stress fiber disassembly. Thus, as a core component of WRAMP structure, CD146 is an important role in mesenchymal cells＇ movement.