油茶杂交子代幼林生长性状的遗传分析

Genetic analysis of growth characteristics of young hybrid progeny forest in Camellia oleifera

为了给油茶杂交育种亲本选配提供参考依据,以浙江省金华市东方红林场6个普通油茶杂交组合子代林为试材,分析了幼林家系树高、地径和冠幅的遗传变异规律,估算了油茶亲本的遗传参数。结果表明,树高、地径和冠幅在杂交组合间均存在显著的遗传差异;树高、地径和冠幅皆存在显著的GCA和SCA效应,其中地径受基因的加性效应控制为主、非加性效应次之,树高受基因加性效应和非加性效应控制程度相当,1年生林冠幅受加性效应控制为主,2年生林分则受基因加性效应和非加性效应控制程度相当。亲本中‘长林10号’的地径和冠幅的一般配合力最高,‘长林81号’的树高一般配合力最高,‘长林10号’和‘长林81号’为优良亲本。根据GCA和SCA,确定树高、地径的最优组合为‘长林10号’ב长林81号’,树高、冠幅的最优组合为‘长林10号’ב长林53号’。

In order to provide a reference basis for parent selection in Camellia oleifera cross breeding, taking six hybrid C. oleifera progeny forests in Dongfanghong Forest Farm as research objects, genetic variation regulations of tree height, ground diameter and crown width of young forests were analyzed, and genetic parameters of C. oleifera parents were estimated. The results showed that genetic differences of tree height, ground diameter and crown width were extremely significant among cross combination. Tree height, ground diameter and crown width had significant GCA and SCA effects. Additive effect played a more major role for ground diameter, and non-additive effect was next. Tree height appeared to be equally subject to both additive effect and non-additive effect. The crown width of 1-year-old tree was controlled by additive effect mainly, while that of 2-year-old tree was equally controlled by both additive and non-additive effect. GCA of ground diameter and crown width of ‘Changlin No.10＇ was the highest, and GCA of tree height of ‘Changlin No.81＇ was the highest. So ‘Changlin No.10＇ and ‘Changlin No.81＇ were better parents in cross breeding. Based on GCA and SCA, ‘Changlin No.10＇בChanglin No.81＇ was the optimal cross combination of tree height and ground diameter, and ‘Changlin No.10＇בChanglin No.53＇ was the optimal cross combination of tree height and crown width.