三叶木通藤茎药用成分地理变异规律研究

Geographic variation laws of medicinal compositions in Akebia trifoliate rattans

为了了解三叶木通藤茎中药用成分与地理环境之间的相互关系,以10个种源地的三叶木通藤茎为研究对象,分别采用高效液相色谱法、比色法对其苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸及总皂苷含量进行了测定,并就其含量与其种源地各个地理气候因子的相关性进行了分析,还根据其药用成分含量对供试种源进行了聚类分析。测定结果表明:在供试的10个种源中,苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸及总皂苷的平均含量分别为0.644%、0.027%和0.596%。方差分析结果表明:苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸及总皂苷的含量在各供试的种源中均存在极显著的差异性。相关性分析结果表明:苯乙醇苷B含量与年日照时数间存在极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01);齐墩果酸含量与无霜期天数间存在极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01);总皂苷含量与年降水量间存在显著的负相关关系(P<0.05)。聚类分析结果表明,在欧氏距离5处可将供试种源划分为3组:第1组包括江西瑞昌、江西武功山、湖南古丈;第2组包括安徽金寨、湖北鹤峰、江西峡江、江西广昌、江西浮梁、湖南怀化;第3组为江西婺源。

In order to learn correlation of medicinal compositions in Akebia trifoliate with geographical environment, taking A. trifoliate rattans from 10 provenances as research objects, contents of calceorioside, oleanolic acid, and total saponins were determined by using RP-HPLC and colorimetric methods. The relationship of the contents of medicinal compositions and the geography-climate factors was analyzed, and the materials were clustered based on contents of the medicinal compositions. The results indicated that average contents of calceorioside, oleanolic acid and total saponins were 0.644%, 0.027% and 0.596%, respectively in the materials, there existed very significant differences（P〈0.01） among all tested provenances. Calceorioside content had a very significant positive correlation with annual sunshine time（P〈0.01）, oleanolic acid content had a significant negative correlation with annual precipitation（P〈0.05）. The tested provenances could be divided into three groups. Ruichang of Jiangxi, Wugongshan of Jiangxi and Guzhang of Hunan were clustered into the first provenance group, Jinzhai of Anhui, Hefeng of Hubei, Xiajiang of Jiangxi, Guangchang of Jiangxi, Fuliang of Jiang xi were clustered into the second provenance group, and Wuyuan Jiangxi was clustered into the separate provenance group.