我国杜仲产业升级关键瓶颈问题思考

Some strategies on bottleneck problems of Eucommia ulmoides industrial upgrading in China

杜仲是我国十分重要的国家战略资源,在杜仲产业升级过程中存在一些瓶颈问题。现有资源因无法满足杜仲橡胶产业化开发成为首要的限制因素,在技术层面上,培育技术仍有创新空间,而杜仲橡胶绿色提取工艺及橡胶产品研发亟待突破。在企业人才与管理方面,目前参与杜仲橡胶资源培育及其产业开发的企业,在企业规模、人才储备、产品研发、管理水平等诸多方面,与现代化企业的要求和标准都还有相当大的差距;在国家政策和行业管理等方面遇到政策滞后、行业协调困难等瓶颈问题。国家林业局杜仲工程技术研究中心的成立、国情调研、橡胶协会以及《杜仲产业绿皮书》的发布都对杜仲产业发展起到良好的推动作用。建议:林业行业管理部门承担起杜仲产业发展的重任;加大中央财政对杜仲橡胶资源培育和新产品的研发投入;加大财税补贴,拓宽投融资渠道;设置跨部门协调机构,制定并完善培育技术和产品质量标准,促进国内杜仲橡胶资源与产业健康有序发展。

Some bottleneck problems had been emerged in the industrial upgrading of Eucommia ulmoides, which had been regarded as an important national strategic resource in China. The primary limiting factor was that the existing planted E. ulmoides resources were insufficient to rubber industrialization. In terms of technological aspect, the innovation and breakthrough was urgently needed to be achieved in E. ulmoides cultivation and silviculture, green extraction of E. ulmoides rubber and relevant products development. The talent and enterprise management problems were that a quite large gap between the existing resource cultivation and industrial development enterprises to the modernized E. ulmoides enterprise in requirements and standards regarding to the enterprise scale, talent reserves, product research and development, management level and many other aspects. The national policies and industry management problems encountered the bottleneck problems of policy lag, industry coordination difficulties, and so on. Favorable promotion to E. ulmoides industry had been driven by the State Investigate and Survey, the Rubber Association, establishment of the Eucommia Engineering Research Center of National Forestry Administration and the publishment of the Green Book of E. ulmoides industry. It was suggested that the forestry administrative department should undertake the important development task of E. ulmoides industry, increase the state revenue to E. ulmoides resource cultivation and research input of new pattern products, increase financial subsidies and draw up preferential tax policy to the industry development, and broad the investment and financing channels to resource cultivation. It was equally recommended to establish and improve inter-departmental coordination and specialized agencies, develop and gradually improve the cultivation technology and new product quality standard for promoting healthy development of E. ulmoides rubber resources and industry.