B群链球菌在孕妇及新生儿感染的检测及其对红霉素耐药分析

Determination of Streptococcus B Group Strains in Pregnant Women and Newborns and Its Resistance to Erythromycin

目的:分析孕妇及新生儿B群链球菌(GBS)的感染率及其对红霉素耐药的原因和药敏结果;了解GBS对红霉素和克林霉素的耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:采集484例围产期孕妇阴道直肠拭子以及分娩后487例胎儿的咽拭子进行培养,然后鉴定细菌,做药敏实验和D实验,分析其药敏结果。结果:484例围产期孕妇GBS阳性为31例,其阳性率为6.40%;487例新生儿GBS阳性为5例,其阳性率为1.03%,两者的阳性率经比较其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);药敏结果显示青霉素、头孢曲松、万古霉素对该菌株的敏感率为100.00%;而红霉素、克林霉素的敏感率仅为69.4%和61.1%,对两药同时耐药的菌株为22株并对D实验阳性的有2株。结论:临床应积极开展GBS常规检查,根据药敏结果合理、及时用药,降低GBS的感染和耐药株的出现。

Objective： To analyze the infection rate of group B Streptococcus （GBS） in pregnant women and newborns and the reasons of erythromycin resistance and drug susceptibility results, to understand the GBS drug resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin, and to provide reference for clinical rational use of drugs. Methods： Collecting 484 cases of perinatal pregnant women vaginal and rectal swabs and delivery after 487 cases of fetal throat swabs were cup tured, then were identified the bacteria and were conducted drug sensitivity test and D test. Were analyzed its susceptibility results. Results： The positive rate of GBS in 484 Cases of perinatal pregnant women was 31 with the positive rate of 6.40%. 487 cases were positive for GBS in 5 cases, the positive rate was 1.03%.The positive rate of the two groups was compared and the difference has statistical significance （P〈0.05）.Susceptibility results showed that the sensitive rate of penicillin, ceftriaxone and vancomycin was 100%. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance rate was 69.4% and 61.1%, for both drugs and drug resistant strains of 22 strains and two strains of D-test were positive. Conclusion： Clinical GBS routine examination should be carried out. Based on the results of drug sensitivity, the reasonable, and timely treatment should be done to reduce the GBS infection and drug resistance.