耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌基因分型测定技术进展

Current status of genotyping technologies of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRSA)从发现至今感染几乎遍及全球,已成为医院感染的重要病原菌之一,使临床治疗变得更加困难;该综述分析耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)基因分型测定技术,调查染色体DNA脉冲场分型、Agr分型、多位点序列分析、spa分型、RM技术、SCCmec分型、基因芯片几种常用方法和最新分型技术进展情况,并对各自的特点简要的概括,为控制MRSA的感染和管理提供参考;指出任何一种分型方法均不能单独作为菌株相关性判断的绝对指标,应根据现实情况需要,选择两种或更多的有效方法鉴别菌株;随着科学技术的不断进步,MRSA基因分型技术必将使MRSA的研究达到新的水平。

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）has become one of the major species of pathogens causing nosocomial infections since the MRSA infection was discovered,which brings more difficulties to the clinical treatment.This review defines the technologies of genotyping of MRSA,investigates the common methods including PFEG,Agr,multilocus sequence typing,spa,RM,SCCmec,and DNA Chip as well as the progress of latest genotyping technology,and make brief summaries of their respective characteristics so as to provide guidance for control of the MRSA infection.It is pointed out that no one genotyping assay can be used as the absolute index for the determination of correlation among the strains,on the contrary,it is better to choose two or more effective techniques to identify the strains according to their needs.With the continuous development of science and technology,the genotyping technologies of MRSA will promote the research of the MRSA.