国外CPT CSAC技术发展现状

Development Status of CPT CSAC in Foreign Countries

概述了芯片级原子钟(CSAC)的特点和应用优势。介绍了美国和欧洲等发达国家启动的相干布局囚禁(CPT)CSAC系列研究项目。阐述了国外主要研究机构所取得的重大研究进展,如美国NIST机构和Symmetricom公司研制的CSAC样机和产品所达到的性能指标,并从物理系统、振荡器及频率合成器几个方面重点阐述国外的研究现状,其中重点阐述了物理系统部分的蒸气腔和垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的制作工艺、可实现的尺寸及密封性能等。列举了CSAC在卫星导航领域、用于时间保持和导航的水下系统以及个人手表系统中的应用现状。总结了CSAC在研制和应用中存在的问题,并提出了解决思路和发展方向。

Features and application advantages of the chip scale atomic clock（CSAC）are overviewed.The development projects on coherent population trapping（CPT）CSAC in America and European countries are briefly introduced.Some significant research achievements made by main research groups from foreign developed countries are illustrated,such as the specifications of the CSAC samples realized by NIST and Symmetricom corporation.The development status in foreign countries is presented in the aspects of the physics system,oscillator and frequency synthesizer.The manufacture processes,size and sealability of the microcells and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers（VCSELs）for the physics system are mainly elaborated.The application status of the CSAC in the satellite navigation,underwater systems for time-keeping and navigating,and personal watch systems are introduced.Some problems for the CSAC preparation and application are summarized,and the solutions and development directions are presented.