年龄相关性白内障患者发病的影响因素分析

Influencing Factors of Onset of Cataract Patients

【目的】探讨白内障患者发病的影响因素。【方法】回顾性分析2014年3月至2015年3月来本院治疗的82例患者临床资料，其中白内障确诊患者37例作为病例组，45例双眼无视力损伤人群作为对照组，通过单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析两组人群年龄、职业、性别、生活行为、既往阳光照射时间、既往病史等方面的差异。【结果】单因素分析结果显示，年龄越大，白内障患病率越高；女性白内障患病率高于男性；受教育程度方面，小学、初中、高中及其以上白内障患病率低于文盲组；高血压、糖尿病、既往吸烟白内障患病率高于非高血压、非糖尿病、不吸烟人群；既往阳光照射时间3～4h、4～5h、≥5h白内障发生率高于既往阳光照射时间〈3h人群。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，受教育程度低、既往阳光照射时间长、既往吸烟、患有糖尿病、女性、高龄仍是白内障的危险因素。【结论】受教育程度低、既往阳光照射时间长、既往吸烟、患有糖尿痛、女性、高龄是白内障的危险因素；形成良好的生活方式如不吸烟、避免过度阳光照射等是预防白内障最实用的方法。

[Objective] To explore the influence factors of the onset of cataract patients. [Methods]The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in March 2014% March 2015 to the hospital treatment of 82 cases of patients, including 37 patients with cataract diagnosis, 45 cases of binocular vision damage people, through the single factor analysis and multiple factors logistic regression analysis of age, occupation, gender, life behavior, sunlighted time etc., the differences between the medical history of two groups were compared. [Results] Single factor analysis results show that the older you get, the higher cataract prevalence is~ Female cataract prevalence rate is higher than that of male; in the field of education, elementary school, junior high school, high school and above ,the cataract prevalence rate was lower than that of the illiterate group; among people with hypertension, diabetes, smoking history , the cataract prevalence rate is higher than that of non hypertension ,non diabetes and non smoking people; past sun exposure time 3 4 h, 4 - 5 hours, more than or equal to 5 h ,the cataract occurrence rate is higher than that of the previous sunlight time 〈 3 h groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the risk factors of low education level, previous sunlight time, smoking history, diabetes, women, elderly are still cataract occurrence factors. [Conclusion]Low education degree, previous sunlight duration, smoking history, diabetes, female and advanced age are the risk factors of cataract; To form a good way of life such as not smoking, avoiding excessive sun exposure is the most practical method for the prevention of cataract.