2015年缅北冲突下的果敢难民空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Kokang Refugees under the Conflict of North Myanmar in 2015

通过实地调研、问卷调查、深入访谈等方式,并结合GIS及统计分析法,从宏观和微观上对2015-02-09果敢冲突涌进中国的果敢难民的空间分布特征及原因进行了分析。结果表明:冲突下果敢难民主要受地理距离、政策、社会关系、经济和自然条件等因素影响,难民集中分布在果敢与中国边境交界的中国一侧。从宏观地域格局上看,难民分布的总体特征是沿边境线呈条带状的空间分布,且呈现出向中国境内纵深递减的趋势;从微观上看,主要呈现出集聚型、分散型、集聚-分散型分布的特征。

Through on-the-spot investigation, questionnaire survey and in-depth interview, and combined with GIS technology and statistical analysis, the spatial distribution characteristics and causes of the Kokang refugees pouring into China during the Feb. 2^（nd）, 2015 North Myanmar conflict are analyzed from macroscopic and microscopic angles of view. The results show that： Under the conflict, influenced by Geographic distance, policy, social relations, economy, natural conditions and so forth, the refugees are mostly distributed in the Chinese side. From macroscopic point of view, the refugee distribution presents a strip of zone along the border, showing a depth decreasing trend in China; from microcosmic point of view, there exist three types of distribution： agglomeration type, decentralization type, and agglomeration-decentralization type.