脂肪组织来源干细胞构建皮肤复合组织修复创面缺损

Skin composite construction using adipose tissue-derived stem cells for wound healing

背景:皮下脂肪及干细胞对创面愈合的效果尚未确定。目的:探索脂肪组织来源干细胞构建皮肤复合组织及修复皮肤缺损的效果。方法:采用表皮细胞、成纤维细胞、脂肪组织来源干细胞作为种子细胞,并且以牛胶原凝胶作为支架能够构建多种细胞复合物。在大鼠背部两侧建立直径为6 mm的圆形皮肤创面模型,右侧(实验侧)创面缺损部位植入直径为8 mm的多层复合组织,左侧(对照侧)进行简单的创面包扎修复。结果与结论:(1)构建的多层皮肤复合组织表皮层连续并成复层,真皮层成纤维细胞分布均匀,而脂肪层则含有脂滴空泡,且细胞分布均匀,在不同层交界处存在明显的细胞聚集。(2)实验侧创面愈合率、肉芽组织厚度、真皮层厚度以及毛细血管密度显著高于对照侧。(3)结果显示采用表皮细胞、成纤维细胞、脂肪组织来源干细胞作为种子细胞,以牛胶原凝胶作为支架,能够构建出具有多种细胞的多层皮肤复合组织,修复大鼠创面缺损有促进创面的愈合提高真皮层厚度的作用。

BACKGROUND： There is no clear understanding on the effects of subcutaneous fat and stem cells on wound healing. OBJECTIVE： To explore the therapeutic effects of skin composite prepared with adipose tissue-derived stemcells on skin defects. METHODS： Epidermal cells, fibroblasts, adipose tissue-derived stem cells as seed cells and bovine collagen gel as a scaffold were used to build a complex with a variety of cells. A 6-mm diameter circular skin defect was made on the both sides of the rat back. The right side as experimental side was implanted with an 8-mm diameter multilayer skin composite, and the left side（control side） was only treated with a simple dressing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： For the constructed multi-layer skin composite, the epidermal layer was continuously merged into the multi-layer, the fibroblasts evenly distributed in the corium layer, and lipid droplets existed in the fat layer in which the cells distributed uniformly. Cell aggregation was obviously observed at the junction of different layers. In the experimental side, the rate of wound healing, granulation tissue thickness, the thickness of dermis and the capillary density were significantly higher than those in the control side. Taken together, we can construct multilayer skin composites with a variety of cells as seed cells, such as epidermal cells, fibroblasts and adipose tissue-derived stem cells, and bovine collagen gel as a scaffold, which promote wound healing and increase the thickness of dermis.